Belonging Past Hsc Student’s Draft Free Essays

string(125) nonconformists who structure a fellowship of tipsy tricks that middle around the home they all offer in Tortilla Flat in California. The need to have a place is a human marvel that is the basic reason for our activities. As people, we look for similarly invested individuals with whom we can discover a feeling of ourselves as individuals. This is a result of the way that having a place is fundamental with the development of one’s character. We will compose a custom article test on Having a place: Past Hsc Student’s Draft or then again any comparable theme just for you Request Now Notwithstanding, a feeling of having a place is regularly accomplished by following a way of distance. Likewise, distance prompts frustration with that (verbose line) which one once put stock in. End of the world Now coordinated by Francis Coppola, John Steinbeck’s Tortilla Flat and Peter Skrzynecki’s verse all arrangement with these three components of having a place. Having a place and acknowledgment is necessary to the development of one’s personality. Subside Skrzynecki’s sonnet 10 Mary Street delineates the security and solace that is a result of a feeling of having a place. For this situation, it is a feeling of having a place with a family standard that happens every day at number 10 Mary Street. The ordinariness of the routine gives solidness and commonality. Skrzynecki utilizes time spans, for example, â€Å"5pm† and â€Å"For nineteen years† to set up a feeling of redundancy and request in the reader’s mind. Aggregate pronouns, for example, â€Å"we† suggest joint effort and consideration in the family circle. This family inclusivity permits the artist to build up his personality at an early age in a spot where he has a place, as indicated when he depicts him meandering in the nursery after school. The metaphor â€Å"like a hungry bird† appears (abstain from utilizing ‘show’ monotonously) him to be interested and riotous. It indicates a sound natural adolescence. In the second refrain of the sonnet, Skrzynecki utilizes pictures of development and sustaining to propose a caring family condition and a feeling of having a place with the land. The calm â€Å"hum-drum† of day by day schedules, for example, washing garments and planting, proposes that the house and Skrzynecki’s guardians infrequently change. This invokes a picture of gigantic quality and solidarity. Skrzynecki sets up his youth home as a suffering circle of wellbeing. He does this by exemplifying the house â€Å"in its china-blue coat† as a companion and part of the family. The house is a spot where to recollect their Polish legacy. The reiteration of the line â€Å"for nineteen years† delineates the timeframe that his family have been giving recognition to their lineage to as they â€Å"kept pre-war Europe alive. The utilization of the Polish word â€Å"Kielbasa† not just adds realness and profundity to the sonnet however fortifies that, however Skrzynecki’s family has moved away from war-torn Poland to Australia, they still immovably have a place with their Polish legacy and there is a connection for them and thei r family through which to set up their personalities in their new land. The artist grieves the death of his youth and the pulverization of the home where he took in the idea of growing up got between two societies and the break between the past and what's to come. This idea is additionally investigated in Apocalypse Now. Colonel Kurtz was the pride of the American Military Command. Having parted from the bedraggled and degenerate way of thinking that was the US armed force, Kurtz builds up his god-like standard over a tribe of similarly invested locals in the wildernesses of Cambodia. His character extrapolates all issues encompassing America as a country, from atrocities to natural steadiness. In one of the most convincing scenes of the film, Kurtz communicates his considerations to Willard, one of the main Americans he has experienced since his difference. He discusses his child at home and his dread that if he somehow happened to be murdered, his child would not comprehend his father’s activities. Now, the all-inclusive close up shot of Kurtz’s face, half covered in dimness, changes marginally as he moves further into the light. This passes on that Kurtz despite everything clutches the expectation that his child will one day come to comprehend his character and why he acted in the manner that he did. Kurtz isn't embarrassed about his activities in light of the fact that eventually, he has full grown his character. First he was changed on the front lines of Vietnam by the passing and numbness he experienced/saw and afterward again in the wildernesses of Cambodia among the locals and free idea. In this manner, both 10 Mary Street and Apocalypse Now viably investigate the idea that acknowledgment and having a place are indispensable with the development of one’s personality. A feeling of having a place is accomplished by following a way of estrangement. In Migrant Hostel, Skrzynecki’s family battle to set up themselves in another land. Skrzynecki portrays the feeling of distance that the transients have towards the remainder of Australia. The â€Å"sealed off highway† exhibits the partition they feel from the remainder of the nation. The analogy of â€Å"rose and fell like a finger† exhibits that they don't feel invited or acknowledged in their new land, however are continually criticized, similar to a shrewd kid. The line â€Å"needing its sanction† exhibits how the transients are oppressed to the ensnarement they feel in the lodging. They need consent to keep living in a way that doesn’t mirror their way of life or convictions. This estrangement from their way of life and opportunity renders every vagrant insignificant and endeavors to wreck their feeling of individual personality and having a place. Nonetheless, it is a direct result of this distance they accomplish a feeling of having a place and personality. Nationalities ‘found each other’ dependent on their intonations and the town they originated from. Inside the lodging, they keep the memory of their home and culture alive however they are spooky by the â€Å"memories of appetite and hate† that wrecked their nations. Skrzynecki utilizes the metaphor â€Å"like a homing pigeon† to imply the solid feeling of endurance and solidarity shared by the transients. The homing pigeon is a survivor that movements significant stretches. Skrzynecki utilizes a reoccurring theme of feathered creatures all through this sonnet as they have meanings of opportunity and movement. This element of having a place is additionally investigated in John Steinbeck’s epic Tortilla Flat. Danny, Pilon, Jesus Maria, Pablo, Pirate and Big Joe Portagee are half Spanish-Mexican, rebels who structure a fellowship of plastered tricks that middle around the home they all offer in Tortilla Flat in California. You read Having a place: Past Hsc Student’s Draft in class Exposition models The book is written in a totally verbose manner to fit with the purposeful anecdote that Steinbeck makes, contrasting the six men with King Arthur’s Knights of the Round Table. Be that as it may, rather than knights in sparkling protective layer, they are the rowdy and tumultuous men upon whom the network of Monterey disapprove of. Subsequently Steinbeck makes an oddity inside this novel in light of the fact that while this fellowship is the main spot that the men discover a feeling of having a place, it is additionally their relationship with one another that renders them inadmissible to typical society. Steinbeck clearly utilizes the procedure of having his characters communicate in language befitting the Elizabethan time. This strengthens the thought that they are totally tumbled from the beauty of a previous life not referenced in the novel, yet they are fallen together. It is additionally a recognizable route from isolating the received siblings from those in ordinary society. It elevates not just the feeling of falsity that pervades the entire book yet additionally the feeling of distance from the outside world. The siblings eat, drink wine, rest and once in a while adventure out to carry out beneficial things for people around them. They live by a totally elective idea of time, space, ownership and love. The developing feeling of having a place that creates through the novel is passed on through the moderate social affair of the six men to frame the fellowship and the comparing rising activity. When they are completely gathered under a pennant of distracted opportunity, Danny states, â€Å"we are presently as one, as never such men have been. Every part is significant to the group’s dynamic and along these lines to every individual member’s feeling of having a place. This is passed on at the finish of the novel when, after Danny’s memorial service, the house that was their home coincidentally bursts into flames yet as opposed to att empting to spare their one common belonging, the men permit it to catch fire and afterward head out in their own direction. The final expressions of the novel are â€Å"no two strolled together† passing on that the obligations of fellowship had been broken and that it was distinctly with one another that they had a place. Accordingly, both Migrant Hostel and Tortilla Flat successfully pass on the possibility that having a place is reached by a way of distance. Estrangement prompts frustration with that which one once trusted in (is there an alternate method to communicate this? ). Skrzynecki’s sonnet In The Folk Museum depicts the encounters of the writer as he turns out to be progressively estranged from his legacy. Subsequent to depicting his parent’s regular vagrant involvement with Migrant Hostel, the artist currently gets himself unfit to feel for a past that isn't his own. The utilization of first individual not just permits the responder to associate on a more profound level with Skrzynecki, yet in addition features the way that he is distant from everyone else in his insights about a past that he doesn't completely understand. Thus, this adds to the hopelessness of an effectively melancholic sonnet. The overseer of the exhibition hall speaks to everything that distances Skrzynecki from his Polish legacy. She is weaving and has silver hair exhibiting that she is a relic herself and incongruent to contemporary society, similarly as Skrzynecki sees his withering past. The comparison

Models of Information System Security

A close reading of Life is a dream by Pedro Calderon De La Barca. What Essay

A nearby perusing of Life is a fantasy by Pedro Calderon De La Barca. What does this educate you concerning the idea of Spanish society, about its qualities, social mores, desires, political culture - Essay Example corrections officer of Segismund said in the play, â€Å"Dreams are unpleasant duplicates of the waking soul.†1 Therefore, what individuals envisioned about was not really futile. They were having dreams which is as it should be. With the possibility that life was a fantasy, De La Barca was playing with ideas of whether the awareness present in life really existed in Golden Age Spain. De La Barca, in his play, anticipated that Segismund would one day grow up to rebel against his dad the King. In binding Segismund to the floor in a jail, he imagined that he could keep his child sequestered, far enough away with the goal that he was unable to hurt the King. Nonetheless, this feeling of submission to the inevitable that the King had felt as far as his child experiencing childhood later on to one day kill him, frightened the King so much that he chose to take care of business (by tying up his child). Nonetheless, as one will see, the possibility of resignation is a key Spanish worth that we will inspect in the following segment which we will peruse. Spanish qualities incorporated an unshakeable feeling of submission to the inevitable, as Segismund talks about the deception and reality present in lifeâ€a dualism, on the off chance that one will. He likewise talks about the inescapable apocalypse with bright mind, insinuating with a fatalistic sense that his enduring is just impermanent. The Spanish individuals additionally accepted particularly in predetermination (â€Å"el destino†) and how it identified with their points of view. Putting stock in fate, numerous individuals in Spanish culture had the particular thought that one should be some place at a particular time so as to satisfy their predeterminations. As Segismund portrays in this talk, With the possibility that qualities were significant in Golden Age Spainâ€as well can one imagineâ€also significant was having social mores. These were prescriptive beliefs which were vanguards of the estimations of the individuals, which will presently be examined finally. Spanish social mores in the Golden Age were severe. That is the reason the King cautioned Segismund once he moved toward the realm with

Dreamworks - the Management of Technology and Human Resources. free essay sample

DreamWorks The administration of innovation and HR. The reason for this paper is to survey the sorting out administration capacity of DreamWorks as identified with innovation assets and HR, and whether the organization has upgraded these advantages for adequacy and proficiency. Profile DreamWorks is a private diversion organization that produces and disseminates well known movies, network shows, and music. As indicated by Spielberg, Katzenberg, and Geffen (Reference for Business, 2011,  ¶. ,) the vision was to make a craftsman cordial studio to create, produce, and appropriate predominant film and music diversion that would move and enjoyment the world. Innovation DreamWorks activity pushes the limits of innovation. The early organization with Hewlett-Packard permitted DreamWorks to have a huge asset, in administrations, in equipment, yet in empowering innovation answers for the company’s movie producers. Through their organization, DreamWorks with Hewlett-Packard (HP, 2009, p. 1), have made unrivaled PC produced liveliness, and with the best in class innovation, carried life to the screen. The company’s innovative quality with the intensity of Hewlett-Packard innovation combined to detonate in 2009 with the 3-D activity film â€Å"Monsters versus Aliens† (HP, 2009). As expressed by Ed Leonard, boss innovation official, â€Å"For us, the 3-D insurgency is tied in with inundating the crowd into the movie† (HP, 2009,  ¶. 4). DreamWorks and Intel have fashioned another collusion to convey an interesting and otherworldly S3D film understanding. This experience will reach out past the auditorium to PCs and TV screens, empowered by Intel InTru 3D innovation. This innovation is powered by another age of computerized theaters, advanced cameras, and computerized work process strategies that improve stereoscopic substance creation. Jeffrey Katzenberg, CEO of liveliness, has declared that future enlivened highlights will be discharged in both 3D and 2D adaptations (Intel, 2011). As Intel and Dreamworks keep on refining the cutting edge pipeline to make dazzling S3D works, a great part of the exertion centers around improving continuous intelligence, and accomplishing a lot better, sensible impacts. With the nature and structure of the liveliness pipeline evolving (HP, 2009, p. ), the errands become progressively unpredictable. A significant part of the associations work is pointed toward improving the productivity and viability just as execution. The intelligence with Intel giving an elite stage is a vital piece of accomplishing the net outcome. HR Fortune magazine recorded DreamWorks as one of the main 100 organizations in 2009 (Limelight Ge nerations, 2009). The social destiny of individuals coming in is top notch. The organization offers an agreeable, safe, and lively workplace. Fresh recruits are carefully screened to guarantee they are a social fit. The grounds offers free breakfast and lunch for representatives on a beautiful grounds. Initiative takes two ways, regulatory administration, and innovative administration. Human asset head, Dan Satterthwaite (Limelight Generations, 2009), has faith in up close and personal correspondence, which implies every day worker supervisor cooperation. An extraordinary pioneer administers and furthermore rouses. The DreamWorks activity requires indispensable coordinated effort among workers and administrators. Creation plans, a gigantic measure of progress, and fantastically quick paced tasks present difficulties for workers. A creation chief mentors, and spurs the craftsmen giving input rousing their most ideal work. Occasions are arranged empowering representatives to take a break from the difficult work and appreciate fun and insane exercises. The pioneers of DreamWorks approach each worker with deference and compassion. Operational expertise and thinking about the skilled staff remains the center of the DreamWorks business. Katzenberg, CEO, by and by extends to the employment opportunity to every potential representative. At the point when the economy plunged a year ago, Katzenberg held a gathering with the staff and clarified the company’s approach of no cutbacks. This demeanor of genuineness and boldness was a hit with representatives. The size of Dreamworks workforce has developed more than 60 percent over the most recent four years. Numerous human asset manual procedures will be robotized. The organization is building another administration improvement program to develop the following period of authority at the studio. End The reason for this paper was to References HP. (2009, March). HP innovation powers Dreamworks activity. Recovered from http://www. hp. com/hpinfo/newsroom/press HR Management US. (2011, August 14). Cutting edge workforce the executives. Recovered from http://www. hrmreport. om/article/State - of-the-Art/Intel. (2011, August 14). DreamWorks Animation and Intel: Forging a union to progress S3D diversion. Recovered from http://www. programming. intel. com/locales/bulletin/va-magazine/issue-02/articles/intru-3d Limelight Generations. (2009, November). RockStars @Work: DreamWorks activity rehearses courageous authority. Recov ered from http://www. limelightgenerations. com/2009/11/rockstarswork-dreamworks-activity rehearses Reference for Business. (2011, August 14). DreamWorks SKG-Company Profile. Recovered from http://www. referenceforbusiness. com/history2/97/DreamWorks-SKG. html

Echinacea Essay -- Plants Botany Plant Papers

Echinacea What's going on here? Echinacea is a sharp looking plant with purple leaves emanating from the middle and is a subsidiary of the purple coneflower. It develops to be one to two feet in tallness and is an individual from the daisy family. Three sorts of the plant are utilized for clinical purposes. They are Echinacea purpurea, Echinacea angustifolia, and Echinacea pallida. For the most part the roots, the seeds, and the leaves are separated for restorative utilization. Numerous individuals accept the herb to be a solution for illnesses, for example, the basic cold or this season's cold virus, which clarifies why the residents of the United States burn through $3 million yearly on the medication. As a result of its prevalence notwithstanding, certain spots in both the United States and Europe have limited the reaping of Echinacea and have put it on the imperiled species list. The herb has not yet been endorsed by the Food and Drug Administration as either sheltered or successful in the structures that fabri cates are circulating. (http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/alt/echinacea.htm) History The Native Americans were the main individuals to utilize Echinacea for clinical purposes. They accepted that victims with minor issue, for example, colds to progressively genuine conditions like snakebites could profit by utilization. They even used the herb for veterinary medication for ponies. In the mid 1900’s, the herb increased business ubiquity and was broadly sold all through the United States. Shoppers had high expectations that Echinacea would fix or forestall a wide range of diseases. In 1910 notwithstanding, the American Medical Association asserted that the medication was pointless however numerous individuals kept on buying and utilize the enhancement until around 1930. Th... ...iratory Tract Infections. Western Journal of Medicine, 171, 3 Lindenmuth, G., Lindenmuth, E. (2000). The Efficacy of Echinacea Compound Herbal Tea Preparation on the Severity and Duration of Upper Respiratory and Flu Symptoms: A Randomized, Double-Blind Placebo-controlled Study. The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine,6, 327-334 Melchart, D., Walther, E., Linde, K., Brandmaier, R., Lersch, C. (1998). Echinacea Root Extracts for the Prevention of Upper Respiratory Tract Infections: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Randomized Trial. Documents of Family Medicine, 7,6 Percival, S. (2000) Use of Echinacea in Medicine. Biochemical Pharmacology, 60, 155-158 Turner, R., Riker, D., Gangemi, D. (2000). Inadequacy of Echinacea for Prevention of Experimental Rhinovirus Colds. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 44, 1708-1709

Late Life Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Late Life Generalized Anxiety Disorder GAD Diagnosis Print Late Life Generalized Anxiety Disorder By Deborah R. Glasofer, PhD twitter linkedin Deborah Glasofer, PhD is a professor of clinical psychology and practitioner of cognitive behavioral therapy. Learn about our editorial policy Deborah R. Glasofer, PhD Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 17, 2015 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on May 02, 2019 Generalized Anxiety Disorder Overview Symptoms & Diagnosis Causes Treatment Living With In Children Taxi Japan/Run Photo/Getty Images Anxiety disorders have historically been thought of as problems of childhood and early adulthood. However, the prevalence of anxiety disorders among older adults ranges from 10% to 20%, making this class of disorders more prevalent than other common late-life psychiatric problems such as dementia or depression. Late Life Onset The onset of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) specifically can occur at any point in the life cycle; the average age of onset is 31 years old. Of all anxiety disorders, however, GAD stands as the most common in late life with estimates in the older adult age group ranging from 1%-7%. Its prevalence in older adults may in part be reflective of the tenacity of GAD; young adults who struggle with generalized anxiety can experience a recurrence of symptoms in the middle and later stages of life. The new onset of GAD among older adults is often related to co-existing depression. The diagnosis of GAD in late life can be complicated by several factors: Older adults may present their symptoms differently than younger people. They may articulate the physical symptoms of anxiety more readily than psychological symptoms.The presence of medical illness (the odds of which increase with age) is a known risk factor for anxiety disorders.Older adults are more likely than younger adults to be taking multiple medications. Because physical symptoms of anxiety may overlap with medication side effects, it’s helpful to pay attention to the triggers and time course of physical symptoms as they relate to medication schedules or changes versus other potential stressors. Under-Treated in the Elderly GAD is, unfortunately, under-treated in the elderly. Inadequate diagnosis is one reason for this, but another is access or ability to seek out treatment. Among older adults living with this disorder, it is estimated that only approximately one-quarter seek out professional help for their symptoms. The first step in a diagnostic evaluation can involve speaking with a current physician â€" either a primary care physician or a clinician involved in the treatment of an existing medical illness. A referral for a comprehensive evaluation with a mental health provider may follow. The treatments available for GAD in younger adults, which include medication and psychotherapy options, have not been studied as comprehensively in randomized controlled trials of older adults. Findings from medication studies for anxiety disorders completed in mixed-age adult samples and the existing trials in older adults generally do support the use of medications for anxiety in late life individuals. There is also evidence that the psychotherapy approach used to good effect in the treatment of GAD in children and young adults, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), is similarly beneficial to older adults. Modifications and enhancements to CBT â€" for example, using large print educational materials and delivering the treatment in a group format â€" show promise for even more benefit for this age group.  To address barriers to treatment including mobility and access, guided self-help approaches derived from CBT principles are also under study.

Finding Beat in On the Road - Literature Essay Samples

In Jack Kerouac’s On the Road, the introduction of Dean Moriarty and the paradoxical themes of the Eastern and Western â€Å"road† to the character Sal Paradise incur dissension in Sal’s evolution. Sal ultimately chooses to return to the East and its standard of living, establishing Sal, not Dean, as the true hero of the novel. The character’s cross- country misadventures allow Sal to develop his sociological proclivity and gain a new and worldlier outlook on spirituality. American, frontier-style bohemianism Buddhist ideology that takes the form of â€Å"IT† provides an irresistible catalyst to the characters. These liberties, however, come at a heavy price when he recognizes the potential destruction that the road’s enticements create. Dean uses and abandons the people around him, and his quest for â€Å"IT† is wrought with fallacy. The implications of his abandonment of responsibilities finally estrange him from Sal and many others besides. Nevertheless, the security of Sal’s Eastern lifestyle time and again finds itself at odds with the seductiveness of the West, the â€Å"road† itself most notably symbolized in the character of Dean Moriarty whose fate placed him in a situation to exploit this freedom.Sal, born out East and living with his aunt, is a young veteran working on a novel and intermittently attending college in the process. He had recently split up with his wife in the beginning of the novel. His father had just passed away and he, it could be contended, was not emotionally stable when he first encountered Dean. His authorial inspiration had reached a plateau and his life and become dry and lackluster. His lifestyle prior to meeting Dean Moriarty corresponded with the American ideals of the time that came to symbolize the McCarthyistic dogmas of the East. After developing a disdain for â€Å"intellectual† companionship, Sal begins to realize, â€Å"My New York friends were i n the negative, nightmare position of putting down society and giving their tired bookish or political or psychoanalytical reasons (Kerouac 1, 8). Sal embodies the â€Å"powerlessness of the individual lost in a vast, complex, corporate society† which proved to be a common conflict in post-World War American fiction (Newhouse 161). His desire to be initiated into some ultimate truth, and subsequently explore it in his novel began to flower with the guidance of Dean and their numerous cross-country adventures. Only after Sal abandons his â€Å"big half-manuscript†¦my comfortable home sheets† does his dialogue and stand-still writings end and is given a chance to experience his novel’s meaning on the road rather than musing comfortably (and fruitlessly) in his Eastern home (Kerouac 9).â€Å"Dean is the perfect guy†¦because he was actually born on the road,† Sal discloses in the beginning of the novel (1). Sal is unnerved by how Dean lives his life and finds himself consumed by the promise of traveling with Dean to bring significance to his own existence and erudite aspirations. When asked about the motives of his cross-country ramblings, â€Å"Dean could only blush and say, â€Å"Ah well, you know how it is† (145). The West, to Sal, represents action, exploration, camaraderie and spiritual realization. By defying the conservative politesse aura of the decade, Dean engages in the taboo street life that the novel suggests is the only way to break from society and achieve transcendence. He forms a network of starry-eyed followers who are spellbound by his con-man charisma and boundless energy, â€Å"he was simply a youth tremendously excited with life† (4).Many times throughout the novel, Sal begins to feel conscious of his â€Å"whiteness† and seeks relief in other races ostracized by post-war American society because, to Sal, to be white is a sign of decadence of the body and mind (Gair 65-6, Richardso n 7). â€Å"I was†¦ a â€Å"white man† disillusioned. All my life I had white ambitions†(Kerouac 180). There is a kind of truth that the master enslaves himself. For Dean, this is especially true. He, who has run amok the lowest partitions of society, holds true the paradox that only through oppression does a man find true freedom. In many instances the characters of the novel are entranced by the spontaneity and whites frowned upon expressiveness of Jazz, which was, at the time, considered a substandard form of art exclusively African American. To look different; to act different; to think different, these became the vague archetypes of subversion and godlessness (Johnston 105). â€Å"On the Road invites us to suppose that in America Blacks have been somehow â€Å"freer† than whites†¦as if suffering were a kind of gift† (Richardson 12). But Sal, too, believes that whites cannot find true meaning because of their capitalist lifestyles and materi alistic tendencies. Too little culture and the corruption of capitalism, according to Sal, is what bogs whites down (Mortenson 2). Sal and Dean find solace in escapades in Mexico, jazz clubs, and on the streets of towns where a minority group has a majority presence. This emphasis of minority freedom is epitomized in the novel when Sal develops a passionate, though brief relationship with a Mexican woman named Terry and even cares for her son while picking cotton to support his new family on a very meager wage for extremely tedious work. â€Å"I forgot all about the East and all about Dean and Carlo and the bloody road† (97).Yet, Sal does remember Dean; he begins to feel restless and abandons Terry at her family’s home. Sal, however, has independently experienced freedom (liberated of Dean’s influence) and this marks a profound change in his autonomy. From this point on in his journey as a character, Sal begins to muse over the endless warnings about Dean. †Å"Dean had gotten worse he [Old Bull Lee] had confided in me, ‘He seems to me to be headed for his ideal fate†¦psychopathic irresponsibility and violence†¦if you go†¦with this madman you’ll never make it’ (Kerouac 147). Sal has excuses ready for every wrong committed by Dean regardless of the severity of his actions. Everyone from Sal’s aunt to Dean’s own brother allude that to tread the road with Dean will result is disaster at the expense of the companion. â€Å"They said I really didn’t know Dean†¦he was the worst scoundrel that ever lived and I’d find out someday to my regret (Kerouac 196). Dean may be one path to fulfillment and adventure, yet the avant-garde bohemian is so erratic and unpredictable that there is no guarantee that he will maintain his interest in his companions. Bohemianism, after all, claims no stability. It is a lifestyle characterized by spontaneity, anarchy, and â€Å"total obsession with one’s deepest impulses† (Newhouse 15). To be a bohemian in America was to embrace the hobo mystique. It is a renunciation of any bourgeois tendency in favor of a more rustic existence. One’s resources are not collected and stored: they are found on the road and must be searched for and earned. Sal and Dean often take off with little chattels and frequently do not even have a thought-out or even coherent plan for their adventure. Post-war American Bohemianism, in particular, makes use of earthly misappropriations to aid in the pursuit for higher consciousness.Frequent drug use is persistent throughout the novel in an attempt by many characters to rise above the mundane realities of the world to achieve some higher truth. Many characters throughout the novel, not excluding Sal, experiment with the effects that drugs have on their consciousness. Usually, however, sexual promiscuity proves to be more rampant, with Dean as its veritable poster boy. By defying the con servative politesse aura of the decade; Dean engages in the taboo street life that so entrances Sal and other characters. Sal more or less is constantly defending Dean’s actions, regardless of how much he exploits and neglects his friends and responsibilities. â€Å" ‘Criminality’ was not something that sulked and sneered; it was a wild yea-saying overburst of American joy; it was Western † (7). â€Å"For him sex was the one and only holy and important thing in life† yet, â€Å"his relations with women are abusive and obtuse enough to†¦wonder† (Kerouac 2, Richardson 5). Dean’s fanatical, though admittedly fleeting, passions with various women explore the notions that sex offers a moment of ecstasy where a person can experience a ephemeral moment of understanding. When referring to his sexual escapades, Dean often describes molding his soul with the woman he finds himself in a relationship with. The â€Å"road† is a charact er in its own right. It unites the East and West, yet is not linear in the literal sense of the word because it is often backtracked and re-routed. The characters frequently voyage their own separate ways though never really leave the same â€Å"road† because it â€Å"could remain a valid metaphor for freedom only if it led away from social entrapment to a new kind of fulfillment†¦[it] was allegorical, a quest for salvation that prevented the civilized man from achieving transcendence† (Newhouse 67). The road promises the potential for fulfillment and freedom regardless of direction and whose ideologies are most clearly translated in the character of Dean Moriarty. â€Å"The ‘Beat Condition’ [was] characterized†¦[by] a ‘beatific stage’†¦marked by the attainment of vision and by the communication of that vision to the human community† (Johnston 104). Kerouac, like Buddhists, sought liberation and enlightenment through the process of suffering and self-denial of any material ties. However, the consequences of a person’s karmic actions only cease when all earthly attachments are renounced (Fisher 201). Sal discovers that Dean’s life is inculcated with attachments that create Karmic consequences. Though Dean repeatedly abandons people and places, he fails to do it out of selflessness. On the contrary, Dean freely deserts people just to achieve his own ends, creating a trail of destruction and neglect in his wake. â€Å"You have absolutely no regard for anybody buy [sic] your damned kicks. All you think about is what’s hanging between your legs and how much money or fun you can get out of people and then you just throw them aside.† (Kerouac 194). In Buddhism, this lifestyle has cataclysmic Karmic repercussions, preventing the person from realizing true happiness until rebirth. Dean retains his perpetual characteristics throughout the novel and with his many wives, children, a nd followers shuffling behind him in his shadow craving his attentions and illuminations; Dean’s mania is wholly focused on finding â€Å"IT†.Another critical ideology of Buddhism that the novel relates to is reincarnation. Buddhists believe that until Nirvana (enlightenment, or â€Å"IT†) has been attained, the â€Å"soul† will forever be reborn into different sentient forms. Sal, while wandering the streets after being abandoned by Dean, has an epiphany and believes he has glimpsed a view of his past lives:I realized that I had died and been reborn numberless times but just didn’t remember especially because the transitions from life to death and back again are so ghostly easy, a magical action for naught, like falling asleep and working up against a million times the utter casualness and deep ignorance of it. (Kerouac 173)This spiritual mystery, Sal believes, is epitomized in Dean. Sal exclaims, â€Å"He was BEAT-the root, the soul of Beatificà ¢â‚¬ ¦the HOLY GOOF†¦the Idiot, the Imbecile, the Saint of the lot (Kerouac194). Sal feels that Dean’s â€Å"sins† must be committed because it paves the way for the freedoms required to fully experience and absorb existence. To Sal, Dean was a spiritual leader whose insights into the truth of existence must be respected and emulated under his careful tutelages. Ironically, the novel (though claiming Dean already possesses â€Å"IT†) never actually gives direct evidence of Dean’s spiritual enlightenment. The notion is neither clearly argued for or against. Dean’s great string of abuses in his quest may be interpreted as his lack of true understanding-he is often called a liar and a con man. Yet Sal in particular often claims that this freedom must be accompanied by these â€Å"abuses† because true freedom must not have any restrictions. In anarchy, Dean claims, lies true freedom. However, direct evidence of Sal’s transcendence is given:And just for a moment I had reached the point of ecstasy that I always wanted to reach, which was the complete step across chronological time into timeless shadows†¦and the sensation of death kicking at my heels to move on, with a phantom dogging its own heels, and myself hurrying to a plank where all the angels dove off and flew into the holy void of uncreated emptiness†¦innumerable lotus-lands falling open in the magic mothswarm of heaven. (Kerouac 173)Sal, however, has the privilege of having had experienced both Dean’s world and his own that provides the right conditions for the primordial soup that becomes Sal’s great heroism. It leaves him free to find a medium between the madness and the mundane. Dean’s childhood never allowed for this.Dean’s father is ever present throughout the characters’ journeys. He is a physical representation of Dean’s future if he continues down the path he travels. Dean’s symbolic dem onstration of the ultimate ideal and manic, irrational franticness was, unlike Sal, imposed on him from birth. As a child growing up in the Great Depression, Dean never experienced stability, responsibility, or discipline. Kerouac believed in a â€Å"dispiriting portrait of a broken American home†¦that father does not know best† (Spangler 8). At a very young age, he is left to fend for himself-motherless and with an indifferent father living as a hobo. After one escapade on a train, an eleven- year-old Dean was left alone to look for work, â€Å"I was so starved for milk and cream I got a job in a dairy and the first thing I did I drank two quarts of heavy cream and puked† (Kerouac 140). As an adult, his views of minorities (including women) and his subsequent treatment of them were directly influenced by the fact that Dean had only ever associated with the dregs of the underworld as a result of his social placement dictated by birth. Dean never has a choice or a glimpse of another life. His attitude is a product of his environment, and he never has the luxury of the partiality of Sal. Sal has experienced securities and comforts that Dean never had. And though Dean represents how liberating complete freedom can be, Sal weighs the consequences of this freedom and decides that the overall cost remains too detrimental. Ultimately, Dean Moriarty does succeed in finally alienating Sal by abandoning him in Mexico when Sal became too ill to continue in their frantic partying at a local whorehouse. â€Å"When I got better, I realized what a rat he was† (Kerouac 302). Yet Sal still defends Dean, claiming that Dean’s lifestyle dictate he had to leave to deal with his own problems. Sal’s quest for illumination began with an unassuming, uneventful life out East with his aunt and his novel. â€Å"Sal seems to understand the need for a civilizing influence; he wishes for a wife with whom he can share a peaceful life and leave behind the franticness of his youth with Dean†(Gair 59). His peaceable existence of security, conformity, and responsibility is shattered upon meeting and traveling with Dean Moriarty who opens Sal’s eyes up to the prospect of enlightenment and experience. Though Sal proves at times to be naà ¯ve to the point of blindness when it comes to Dean’s never-ending conning and manipulations, he breaks with the social ramifications of the day, emerging worldlier and more insightful in the process. On the road you belong to the world. Dean Moriarty’s escapades across America are allegorical: a pursuit for salvation that prevented the Eastern man from attaining transcendence. Through his adventures in both Dean’s world and his own past, Sal discovers the tools that allow him to find a median in his world of extremes and thus finally attains a spirituality that is the pan-ultimate of what Kerouac had once described as â€Å"beat†.